India Hypersonic Plane

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21 years

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By VIJESH KAMATH
DH News Service, BANGALORE

Imagine travelling from Bangalore to London in less than three hours or cruising around the globe at 5,700 kms per hour! Even as the world is celebrating the centenary of powered human flight, India is all set to actively compete with Russia, France and the US to realise what is being dubbed as “one of the greatest aeronautical research challenge” — achieving sustainable hypersonic flight in atmosphere.

Speeds greater than Mach 5 or five times the speed of sound are called hypersonic, that’s travelling at speeds about 1.6 km per second or approximately 5,700 km per hour. A regular passenger plane flies at 0.8 Mach while fast military jets fly at Mach 2 (supersonic fighter aircraft). SR-71 Blackbird, the fastest jet flies at Mach 3.2. The fastest rocket-plane, X-15 flew once at Mach 6.6 way back in 1960.

The Hyderabad based Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) has now taken up the ambitious task of developing an engine that can maintain an aircraft at mind-boggling hypersonic speeds. “Technologically it is possible, but the task is very challenging. It is like sustaining a lighted candle in a hurricane,” DRDL Director Prahlada told Deccan Herald here.

An alumnus of UVCE and the Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Mr Prahlada is confident India will achieve the first actual flight of the engine by 2007. Presently in the configuration stage, the ground trials on the engine will commence next year, he said.

The scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjets) propelled by a special type of air-breathing jet engine, is the key enabling technology for sustained hypersonic flight. Mr Prahlada , who is also leading the integrated guided missile programme as chairman of the Programme Board which has the responsibility of realising, producing and deploying the missile systems Prithvi, Trishul, Akash and Nag, says the project is a more practical version of DRDO’s Aerobic Vehicle for Hypersonic Aerospace Transportation (AVATAR) envisaged to deliver a 500 kg to 1,000 kg payload to low earth orbit.

Another great challenge in designing a hypersonic plane, Dr Prahlada points out, is to build an aircraft that will withstand the temperatures experienced at high speed flight.

DRDL is working with the Mishra Dathu Nigam (Midani) to develop high temperature Nickel-Cobalt alloys and other exotic composite materials that can handle the heat associated with hypervelocity flight. In addition, the conceptual design, development of technology components are being jointly undertaken by the IITs, IISc and a few universities across the country, Mr Prahlada said.

India has another advantage in this sector, the aircraft could be integrated with proven rocket technology like that of Agni for providing the initial thrust during take off.

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21 years

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Some data not sure it is reliable.
Avator:
Max ceiling: 100 km above ground.
Max speed: Mach 5
Max load: 1000 kg.
Max life: 100 flights.
completion: expect to finish in 2015
fuel weight: 60 tons? 60% of weight are fuel on take off.

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20 years 8 months

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where is the engine coming from?

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21 years 1 month

Posts: 2,264

there is not much point discussing indian hyperplane today. any
prototype is 20 yrs off , its more a science project phase . obviously nobody has the engine and those who will have it wont sell, so it will have to be sourced internally.

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20 years 9 months

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well Indian..... i don agree to ur 20 yr ......if am not wrong the first one namely the AVATAR (which is actually the scaled downed version of Hyperplane) is to be tested b4 2015 at max..... anyway the report say the engine is gonna testd by 2007 so I 'll like to speculate that b4 2007 something wud really have flown.....

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20 years 9 months

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oh Oh............. HAPPY NEW YEAR to all of u guys over here....... :)

"The fastest rocket-plane, X-15 flew once at Mach 6.6 way back in 1960."

Both the Buran and all the American Space Shuttles have flown at more than Mach 26.

BTW if Concord isn't allowed to fly supersonically over US territory what makes you think the EU will give permission for an Indian (or Russian or American) aircraft to fly at Mach 5 over their territory. (The US decision was just sour grapes at the Concord not being American... they allow Shuttles to fly much faster over CONUS... so why not the EU making a similar decision).

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24 years 8 months

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yeah, if you called sour grape certain sector of the US public...more exactly, socialist leaning environmentalists....then yes, you're right on. :D :D :D :D :D

anyways, about the story...that's very, how you say....nice....

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20 years 10 months

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India aims to fly hypersonic plane in 2007
Press Trust of India
Bangalore, January 1

Indian defence scientists are aiming to fly an indigenous "hypersonic plane" in 2007, designed to cruise three times faster than existing fighter aircraft by consuming lesser fuel.

[B]An eight-metre technology demonstrator is being built by the Hyderabad-based Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) which will be powered by a Supersonic combustion ramjet (Scramjet) engine, that takes oxygen from the atmosphere and burns liquid hydrogen.

[B] "The ground tests of the engine would begin next year and we aim to fly the unmanned aircraft in 2007", DRDL Director Prahlada said in Bangalore.

The aircraft would be integrated in India's aviation capital Bangalore and Hyderabad, he said.

The supersonic combustion ramjet or scramjet engine fired-hyper plane is a high speed transport aircraft that could reduce the flight time by hours because of the weight factor and the engine that does not have a compressor or a turbine.

http://hindustantimes.com/news/181_515109,0008.htm

"The supersonic combustion ramjet or scramjet engine fired-hyper plane is a high speed transport aircraft that could reduce the flight time by hours because of the weight factor and the engine that does not have a compressor or a turbine."

The Aussies tested one a few years back, while the Russians and Americans tested some over a decade ago.

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Hypersonic engines, eh? Shouldn't they be concerned with making the Kaveri work first? :D

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Max life: 100 flights.

Err.........this doesn't seem very practical!!!!!

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SOC

why do you like picking on the poor Kaveri man :)
well this hyperplane thing, I won't take it too seriously till at least 2010 when and by then we should have been able to master that bloody Kaveri!

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20 years 11 months

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Originally posted by SOC
Hypersonic engines, eh? Shouldn't they be concerned with making the Kaveri work first? :D

Yup they should!

But also to note is that the SCARMJET does not pose as many manufacturing problems as a Turbofan/Jet. :)

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21 years 1 month

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from the description the scramjet engine sounds in area of
ISROs rocket engine people than DRDO/GTRE kaveri jet engine people. So both can be / is being done in parallel.

the max life of 100 flights points to the zero civilian flight potential of this tech. it may have some use in lofting payloads into low earth orbit via a high altitude release of a small booster + payload (maybe cheaper than a ground based launch) and as
a delivery vehicle for weapons of mass destruction more flexible than ICBMs.

in any case, it will be a good learning experience. NASA / lockheed
have this whole range of X-planes, bird of prey, ucav , himat etc
scaled models and full models which never see active service but
build up the knowledge base.

Once you have solved the complexities of burning fuel in a supersonic breeze then the world is your oyster. A Ramjet is efficient from mach 2 to about mach 6-8. A Scramjet is limited by the ability to plough through the atmosphere. Propulsion is by Liquid hydrogen usually so the most common solution is to pump the cryogenic hydrogen through the hot parts at the nose of the aircraft to cool them down... much like liquid hydrogen is pumped through the rocket nozzles on spacecraft... as the burning fuel is generally much hotter than the melting temperature of the material used to make the nozzles.

It is certainly the way forward...Hydrogen can be seperated from water electrically... solar power could be used. The thick white clouds generated is just steam. In the future cars might use hydrogen, either burnt or through fuel cell technology so we will switch from oil to H and benefit from that. In a desert you could capture and cool your exhaust and drink the freshest water on the way to your destination.

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20 years 10 months

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The US unsuccesfully tested its Hyperplane (scaled model dropped from B52) sometime back. It was scheduled for a second test in 2003 or 04, any info on that one?

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24 years 8 months

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Originally posted by sharmaji
SOC

why do you like picking on the poor Kaveri man :)
well this hyperplane thing, I won't take it too seriously till at least 2010 when and by then we should have been able to master that bloody Kaveri!

What can I say? They make it too easy :D

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20 years 10 months

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Hello Mr. Garry B,
Just wanted to clarify, the Concord used to fly at low altitude just after Takeoff and attain speed of Mach 1+ (at that altitude, Not sure), this must have been the main reason to avoid it flying over a city (I guess).
But a Space Shuttles flies at Mach25 at extreme altitude, stratosphere ?, So I guess, it should not cause any problem ?
Pls correct me if I am wrong.
Regards
Baliga

"Just wanted to clarify, the Concord used to fly at low altitude just after Takeoff and attain speed of Mach 1+ (at that altitude, Not sure), this must have been the main reason to avoid it flying over a city (I guess).
But a Space Shuttles flies at Mach25 at extreme altitude, stratosphere ?, So I guess, it should not cause any problem ?"

During a high speed turn at 10,000m a Tu-144LL broke every window in the village below it at the time.

The reason for the Ban was noise pollution. A sonic boom from a smaller aircraft at extreme altitude is not as loud or as damaging as a larger aircraft at lower level flying much slower, but it has a much longer footprint and is heard by rather more people... though less often.

The Concord takes off in AB and while no where near as loud as a Shuttle takeoff :-) it is generally from an airport that often has people living and working nearby, unlike Cape Canaveral.